Gene:Tubulin

Experimental Validated ICGs

Species	Gene Synonymous	Application scenarios	Publication	Year
Arachis hypogaea	Alpha tubulin	Different Developmental Stages & Abiotic Stress	Validation of reference genes for gene expression studies in peanut by quantitative real-time RT-PCR	2012
Artemisia annua	Tubulin beta chain	Different Tissues & Abiotic Stress	Reference gene selection in Artemisia annua L., a plant species producing anti-malarial artemisinin	2014
Bemisia tabaci	Tubulin alpha-1 chain	Different Commercially Available Insecticides	Expression profiling in Bemisia tabaci under insecticide treatment: indicating the necessity for custom reference gene selection	2014
Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis	Tubulin a	Different Developmental Stages & Biotic Stress	Validation of reference genes for real-time quantitative PCR normalisation in non-heading Chinese cabbage	2012
Bactrocera dorsalis	Alpha tubulin	Different Sex & Tissues	Evaluation of endogenous references for gene expression profiling in different tissues of the oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae)	2010
Buglossoides arvensis	Alpha tubulin	Different Tissues & Growth Regimes	Validation of endogenous reference genes in Buglossoides arvensis for normalizing RT-qPCR-based gene expression data	2015
Caenorhabditis elegans	Tubulin, alpha family member	Nanotoxicity	Selection of reliable reference genes in Caenorhabditis elegans for analysis of nanotoxicity	2012
Cajanus cajan	Tubulin/FtsZ family, GTPase domain	Drought Stress	Evaluation and validation of housekeeping genes as reference for gene expression studies in pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) under drought stress conditions	2015
Capsicum annuum	Beta tubulin	Different Tissues & Abiotic Stress & Hormonal Treatment	Identification of reference genes for reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR normalization in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)	2011
Channa striatus	alpha-tubulin	High-temperature Stress	Evaluation of housekeeping genes as references for quantitative real-time PCR analysis of gene expression in the murrel Channa striatus under high-temperature stress	2016
Citrullus lanatus	Alpha tubulin 5	Fruit Development	Evaluation of Appropriate Reference Genes for Gene Expression Normalization during Watermelon Fruit Development	2015
Corchorus capsularis	Beta-tubulin	Different Tissues & Abiotic Stress	Selection of reliable reference genes for quantitative real-time PCR gene expression analysis in Jute (Corchorus capsularis) under stress treatments	2015
Cucumis sativus	α-Tubulin	Different Tissues & Hormones Treatment & abiotic stresses	Selection of appropriate reference genes for gene expression studies by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in cucumber	2010
Cynodon dactylon	Alpha tubulin	Abiotic Stress	Selection and validation of reference genes for target gene analysis with quantitative RT-PCR in leaves and roots of bermudagrass under four different abiotic stresses	2014
Diploptera punctata	α-tubulin	During Gonadotrophic Cycle	Sequencing and validation of housekeeping genes for quantitative real-time PCR during the gonadotrophic cycle of Diploptera punctata	2013
Drosophila melanogaster	Alpha-tubulin at 84B	Physiological Responses	Evaluation of potential reference genes for reverse transcription-qPCR studies of physiological responses in Drosophila melanogaster	2011
Eremosparton songoricum	Alpha-tubulin	Different Tissues & Abiotic Stress	Reference gene selection in the desert plant Eremosparton songoricum	2012
Festuca arundinacea	Alpha Tubulin	Abiotic Stresses	Identification and validation of reference genes for quantification of target gene expression with quantitative real-time PCR for tall fescue under four abiotic stresses	2015
Ganoderma lucidum	β-tubulin	Different Tissues & Developmental Stages	Identification and evaluation of reference genes for qRT-PCR normalization in Ganoderma lucidum	2014
Glycine max	Tubulin alpha-4	Heavy Metals & Heat Treatments	Evaluation of Reference Genes for Normalization of Gene Expression Using Quantitative RT-PCR under Aluminum, Cadmium, and Heat Stresses in Soybean	2017
Glycine max	Tubulin alpha-4, Tubulin beta-4	Biotic Stresses	Recommended reference genes for quantitative PCR analysis in soybean have variable stabilities during diverse biotic stresses	2015
Gossypium hirsutum	Alpha-tubulin 10	Abiotic Stress	Evaluation and selection of reliable reference genes for gene expression under abiotic stress in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)	2013
Hibiscus cannabinus	Alpha-tubulin	Salinity & Drought Stress	Reference genes selection for transcript normalization in kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) under salinity and drought stress	2015
Jatropha curcas	Tubulin beta-5 chain	Staminate & Pistillate Flowers	Identification and validation of superior reference gene for gene expression normalization via RT-qPCR in staminate and pistillate flowers of Jatropha curcas - A biodiesel plant.	2017
Litsea cubeba	Tubulin alpha	Different Developmental Stages & Tissues	Identification of appropriate reference genes for normalizing transcript expression by quantitative real-time PCR in Litsea cubeba	2013
Lucilia cuprina	β-tubulin	Different Developmental Stages	Evaluation of reference genes for real-time PCR quantification of gene expression in the Australian sheep blowfly, Lucilia cuprina	2010
Mus musculus	Alpha 1a tubulin	Lung Development	Validation of Tuba1a as appropriate internal control for normalization of gene expression analysis during mouse lung development	2015
Neurospora crassa	Beta-tubulin	Different Environmental Conditions	Selection and evaluation of reference genes for expression studies with quantitative PCR in the model fungus Neurospora crassa under different environmental conditions in continuous culture	2014
Nilaparvata lugens	A-tubulin	Different Experimental Conditions	Selection and Evaluation of Potential Reference Genes for Gene Expression Analysis in the Brown Planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) Using Reverse-Transcription Quantitative PCR	2014
Octopus vulgaris	α-tubulin	Brain	Selection and validation of a set of reliable reference genes for quantitative RT-PCR studies in the brain of the Cephalopod Mollusc Octopus vulgaris	2009
Paralichthys olivaceus	α -tubulin	Before & After Bacterial Infection	Evaluation of housekeeping genes as references for quantitative real time RT-PCR analysis of gene expression in Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)	2011
Paralichthys olivaceus	α-tubulin	Viral Infection	Selection of normalization factors for quantitative real time RT-PCR studies in Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) and turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) under conditions of viral infection	2013
Phytophthora parasitica	β-tubulin	Different Developmental Stages	Selection of internal control genes for real-time quantitative RT-PCR assays in the oomycete plant pathogen Phytophthora parasitica	2006
Pinus massoniana	Tubulin alpha	Different Tissues & Floral Organ Development & Abiotic Stress	Selection of Reference Genes for Real-Time Quantitative PCR in Pinus massoniana Post Nematode Inoculation	2016
Poa pratensis	Alpha tubulin-2B	Alpha tubulin-2B	Selection of Candidate Reference Genes for Gene Expression Analysis in Kentucky Bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) under Abiotic Stress	2015
Rhodnius prolixus	α-tubulin	Different Experimental Conditions	Validation of reference genes for expression analysis in the salivary gland and the intestine of Rhodnius prolixus (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) under different experimental conditions by quantitative real-time PCR	2012
Ruditapes philippinarum	Ruditapes philippinarum	Copper Treated	Validation of reference genes for RT-qPCR in marine bivalve ecotoxicology: Systematic review and case study using copper treated primary Ruditapes philippinarum hemocytes	2017
Saccharum hybrid cultivar	Alpha-tubulin	Drought Stress	Validation of novel reference genes for reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR in drought-stressed sugarcane	2014
Scophthalmus maximus	α-tubulin	Viral Infection	Selection of normalization factors for quantitative real time RT-PCR studies in Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) and turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) under conditions of viral infection	2013
Sedum alfredii	Beta-tubulin	Different Heavy Metals Stresses	Selection and validation of reference genes for real-time quantitative PCR in hyperaccumulating ecotype of Sedum alfredii under different heavy metals stresses	2013
Sesamia inferens	ubulin	Different Tissues & Developmental Stages	Exploring valid reference genes for quantitative real-time PCR analysis in Sesamia inferens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)	2015
Sesamum indicum	Sesamum indicum	Different Developmental Stages & Abiotic Stress	Identification and testing of reference genes for Sesame gene expression analysis by quantitative real-time PCR	2013
Syntrichia caninervis	Alpha-tubulin	Abiotic Stress and Desiccation/Rehydration	Characterization of reference genes for RT-qPCR in the desert moss Syntrichia caninervis in response to abiotic stress and desiccation/rehydration	2015
Triticum aestivum	B-Tubulin	Rust Infection	Reference gene selection for qPCR gene expression analysis of rust-infected wheat	2013
Ulva linza	Tubulin2	Different Experimental Conditions	The validity of a reference gene is highly dependent on the experimental conditions in green alga Ulva linza	2012
Zea mays	Beta-5 tubulin	Abiotic Stresses & Hormone Treatment & Tissue Types	Validation of potential reference genes for qPCR in maize across abiotic stresses, hormone treatments, and tissue types	2014
Zea mays	Beta-5 tubulin	Landrace Varieties & During Grain Development	Selection of reliable reference genes for quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction studies in maize grains	2013

Featured Sequence

The Sequence of Artemisia annua Tubulin is displayed as example. 000001 GATCTTACAG CCTTGCCCTG CGTTTTCGTT ATATAACCGC ACATTTCTTG CCAAAATATC TGCGTAGCAC 000070 000071 CCCATACAGA CACAAAAATA CTCTCCATCT CTTCTTCGAT CGAGCCTAGC TCGGGCCCGA TCACCGGAAA 000140 000141 AACTCGCATT TCCATCCCCG GCTGCGAATT ACTTGACGAA AAACGAAAAT GAGAGAAATC CTTCACGTTC 000210 000211 AAGGTGGACA GTGTGGAAAT CAGATTGGAT CTAAATTTTG GGAGGTCGTT TGCGACGAGC ATGGCATTGA 000280 000281 CCCCACTGGA CGATACACTG GATCCTCTGA TCTGCAGCTG GAGCGCGTTA ATGTGTACTA CAATGAGGCC 000350 000351 TCCTGTGGGC GATTTGTCCC TCGTGCTGTG CTCATGGATC TTGAGCCTGG TACCATGGAC AGTGTGAGGA 000420 000421 CTGGTCCATA TGGTCAGATC TTTAGGCCTG ATAACTTTGT GTTTGGGCAA TCTGGTGCTG GAAATAACTG 000490 000491 GGCCAAGGGG CATTATACTG AGGGAGCTGA GCTGATTGAT GCGGTTTTGG ATGTTGTGCG GAAGGAGGCT 000560 000561 GAGAACTGTG ACTGTCTTCA AGGTTTCCAA GTTTGTCACT CTCTCGGTGG TGGAACTGGT TCTGGAATGG 000630 000631 GAACTCTGTT GATTTCTAAG ATCAGGGAGG AATACCCTGA CAGAATGATG CTCACATTCT CTGTGTTCCC 000700 000701 TTCACCCAAG GTTTCAGACA CTGTGGTTGA GCCCTATAAT GCCACCCTTT CTGTACATCA ACTAGTTGAG 000770 000771 AACGCTGATG AGTGTATGGT ACTTGACAAT GAGGCCTTGT ATGACATTTG TTTCAGGACT CTCAAGTTAA 000840 000841 CTACTCCCAG CTTTGGTGAT CTGAACCACC TGATCTCTGC AACTATGAGT GGAGTCACTT GCTGCCTGAG 000910 000911 GTTCCCTGGT CAGCTTAACT CTGATCTCAG GAAGCTTGCA GTGAATCTTA TCCCCTTCCC CCGATTGCAC 000980 000981 TTCTTTATGG TTGGATTTGC TCCTTTAACA TCACGTGGTT CTCAACAATA CCGTGCGCTA ACTGTCCCAG 001050 001051 AACTGACCCA GCAAATGTGG GATGCCAAGA ACATGATGTG TGCTGCAGAC CCACGCCACG GGCGCTACTT 001120 001121 GACTGCCTCA GCCATGTTCA GGGGTAAGAT GAGCACAAAG GAAGTCGACG AACAAATGAT CAATGTCCAG 001190 001191 AACAAGAACT CCTCATACTT CGTTGAATGG ATCCCTAACA ATGTCAAGTC TAGTGTCTGT GATATCCCTC 001260 001261 CTAGAGGACT TTCTATGGCA TCAACTTTCA TCGGTAACTC AACTTCAATC CAGGAAATGT TCAGGCGTGT 001330 001331 CAGCGAGCAA TTCACAGCCA TGTTTAGGAG AAAGGCTTTC TTGCATTGGT ATACCGGTGA AGGGATGGAT 001400 001401 GAAATGGAGT TTACCGAGGC CGAAAGCAAC ATGAATGATC TTGTGTCTGA ATATCAGCAA TACCAGGATG 001470 001471 CTACAGCTGA GGAGGAGCTT GAATATGAGG ATGAAGAGGA AGGGATGGGT GAAATGCAAT GAGCTATGAG 001540 001541 GTGACCTTTT CTATTGGCAT TTACAGCAAA TGTTATACCT TAATATATAG CTTCTGCTTT TTTGTGGAAC 001610 001611 ATGGGTGATG AATTTTTTCA ATGTATGAGG TAGTGTTTGG ATAGAGTTGA AAAAGTGAAT CTTCCTAGTA 001680 001681 AATGAGTATA TGTTTGTAAT GTGGGAGGTG AAAAAGGTTA TTTTGTATTT CTGTTGAAGC TCAATTCTGG 001750 001751 CTTTGGTTTC ATATCCATTT CTATAAATAT AATGAAGTTC TTTATGTAAG TCCTTGA

Conserved Domains

The Conserved domains of Artemisia annua Tubulin is displayed as example. [[File:|center|770px|]]

External Links

• NCBI COnserved Protein Domain Family
• WikiPedia
• Pfam